Introduction of Miyun County
Miyun County is located in the northeast of Bejing with the east and west parts bordering on Hebei Province. It covers an area of 2,226 square kilometers, and has 18 towns under control. The residents of the county amount to 430,000.
The charming Miyun Reservoir, like a shining pearl, is encircled by mountains, covering a water area of 188 square kilometers, with 4,375,000,000 cubic meters of storage. The forest coverage rate of the whole county reaches 60.3%. The water and air qualities meet the national secondary standard and primary standard respectively, which rank the first among districts and counties of Beijing. It has become a green paradise where there is clean water, pure land and fresh air. Miyun County, with its charming scenery, possesses abundant tourist resources, and has more than 100 exploitable tourist places. It is praised as "the Grand Spectacle of Beijing Landscape”, and “Capital Outskirts Park”.
Miyun County has a long history, and it began to be inhabited about 100,000 years ago. According to the examination of the unearthed cultural relics in Yanluo Village, people started to live in groups and villages were built in Miyun as early as 6000 years ago. In addition, through the examinations of some underground cultural relics such as Xiajiadian and Zhuanshanhui, it was uncovered that Miyun was experiencing slavery at that time, controlled by Tang of Shang Period. During the period of Xizhou and that of Spring and Autumn, Miyun was within the jurisdiction of Yan Empire whose emperor, Zhao established five counties, and Miyun was named Yuyang District which was renamed Yuyang County in the 22nd year of Qin Shihuang Period. This is the earliest record concerned with the administration system of Miyun County. In A.D. 379, Beiwei Emperor set up Miyun County. It was originally situated in the current Nanguan Village, Dage Town, Fengning County, Hebei Province. According to the record of Miyun Annals, about 15 kilometers south of the county was a high mountain shrouded in mists throughout the year so it was named Miyun Mountain. This is just how Miyun got its name.
At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Miyun was under administration of Changping State. In 1940, the Chinese Communists built the united county of Ji, Ping and Mi, and Miyun became one of the thirteen counties of the east of Hebei. They also built the united county of Feng, Luan and Mi, and Miyun was under only the authority of Pingbei. In 1947, Miyun was divided into eastern and western counties. To the east of Chaohe River was Miyun County; while to the west was Yihua County. In August, 1949, Miyun and Yihua were combined as one county named Miyun which was under jurisdiction of Tong County of Hebei Province. In April, 1958, Miyun was put under the administration of Chengde City of Hebei Province. Up till now, it has been under the administration of Beijing City since October of 1958.
Chief four types of tourist resources:
First: Natural landscape
In the east and west of Miyun respectively lies Yunmengshan Mountain with the height of 1414 meters, which is the highest among middle mountains in North China, and Wulingshan Mountain of 2118 meters, the main peak of Yanshan Mountain. In this area, there are a number of famous scenic spots such as Heilong Pool, the First Peking Waterfall, Yunmengshan National Forest Park, Dragon Pool and Yunxiu Valley, which are clustered together with dense vegetation and plentiful peculiar rocks. These beautiful scenic sites are people’s best choice for relaxation and traveling. ,
Second: Human and historical landscape
Miyun, with a long history, has plenty of historical sites and human landscape. The Great Wall made in Ming Dynasty covers a length of more than 200 kilometers across the county, which ranks the first among other cities and counties. Simatai Great Wall was ever praised as “the best among the all Chinese Great Walls” by Professor Luo Zhewen, the prestigious Great Wall expert. Gubeikou Town was such an important historical place that military strategists of every generation had been competing for it. Apart from the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty, there is still preserved the ancient Great Wall made in Northern Qi Period, and the ancient resistance road completed in 1680 as well. Those temple cultures, such as Shugushan CultureTemple group made in 1200 years ago, Gufo Taoist Rite in Yunfengshan Mountain, Yanglinggong Temple, and Bailong Pool, Yexian Tower, have enriched the cultural intension of Miyun tourism.
Third: Landscape of modern city
In recent years, Miyun County has invested more than 20,000,000,000yuan in constructing a refined satellite eco-city. Ten theme parks has been built; the original channel of Baihe River has been repaired over 5000 meters, and the water surface amounts to 500.000 square meters; six bridges has been constructed and 26 roads opened, including 9 roads of city level, which reaches 518 kilometers in total; millions of top-quality trees and flowers have been planted, and thousands of bright lights have been lit. In addition, dozens of sculptures have been completed, and some cultural relics, such as Yexian Tower, Clock Tower and Culture Temple, have been restored, which show us the atmosphere of a modern city, and become a new highlight of Miyun tourism.
Forth: Tourist facilities
Miyun County has 50 medium and high quality restaurants and holiday inns, 24 star-grade hotels, including 2 five-star hotels and 5 three-star hotels. Besides, there are over 40 simple holiday inns, and 2200 families for folk tourism. The number of the bed space amounts to 20,000, which will meet tourists’ need of various grades. With the construction of Baihe city-level tourist resort as well as all kinds of new hotels and holiday villas, Miyun has become a holiday resort with the combination of leisure, travel, entertainment, business and meeting.
The city government has designated the general function of Miyun as the district for ecological development. At the moment when ecological counties are being built all over the country, with the guideline of the development strategy for the capital water area, Miyun County will perfect its tourism pattern of “one-city-goes-with-four-mainstays”, and accelerate the construction of five tourist bases as well as six leisure industries, striving to make Miyun a green, ecological, and leisure holiday resort.
Since the year 2000, the tourism of Miyun County has been unceasingly expanding, and the economic output has also been increasing. The tourist output and economy continue to show an upward tendency, and the industry pattern is being formed gradually. With increasing attention paid by tourists to the city construction and ecological environment, the tourist resources and environment of Miyun are further acknowledged and its tourism is experiencing a gradual transition from the type of natural landscape to that of leisure resort. Compared with the beginning of 2000, the average consumption of Miyun tourists has increased greatly now. In the recent two years, with the adjustment of the agriculture and industry patterns, the tourism shows an evident tendency towards transition from one industry to three. Miyun tourism has developed from the single pattern of visitor-reception to the comprehensive pattern of the combination of transport, travel, purchase, accommodation, food and entertainment. A number of peasants has began to change the traditional single mode of production, and started the reception of folk tourism and the marketing of agricultural product, making full use of the current condition and agriculture, forest resources. The folk tourism has been developed as an important part of the overall economic output of tourism, and the folk tour reception has become the main method for peasants in mountainous areas to throw off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity. The tourism of Miyun County is developing towards mercerization and formalization in a large scale.